Concepts.for.GATE

Artificial lift :  Energy is provided in external from to fluid , to come out of from   bottom of wellbore to the surface. We do modification in, well bore or tubing part for installation and working of artificial lift. So, we deal with tubing part only. By modification in tubing part, we try to decrease or move down outflow performance relation ship. (OPR). (Node is considered as bottom of well). Fluid movement is inside tubing which is generally, vertical flow . So, it's totally mechanical thing. Well Stimulation:  Here, Energy is not provided to formation to modify it's properties.  We try to remove restriction to flow by modification in formation properties. So, we deal with reservoir or near well bore formation only. Means here, we improve condition for flow rather than increasing energy to flow. By stimulating well, we try to modify or increase inflow performance relation ship curve. (IPR) upside. (Node is considered as bottom of well) Here, we are trying to easy tran

Type of Separators: l) Vertical Separators 2) Horizontal Separators 3) Spherical separators l) Vertical Separators: *Can handle relatively, large liquid slugs, *Better surge control, *Used for low to intermediate gas-oil ratio (GOR) wells (less gas, larger liquid portion) /(has larger gas section), *Can handle more sand (Due to false bottom cone), *Liquid level control is not as critical, *Tendency of the liquid to revaporize is also minimized, because less surface area is available to the liquid for evaporation, *Occupies less floor space (important for offshore use). *More expensive to fabricate and transport to location, *A vertical separator for the same capacity is usually larger than a horizontal separator. 2) Horizontal Separators: *Much greater gas-liquid interface area, permitting higher gas or fluid velocities, *Can handle large gas volumes, *Cheaper to fabricate and ship, install and service, *Minimum turbulence and foaming, (so, can handle high GOR wells ) *For a given cap

A Formation can be damaged mainly while one of following activities (ordered in timely manner). 1) During Drilling and Completions  (click to see) 2) During and after production and workover operations 3) During Injection  Formation Damage Mechanisms: 2) During  and after production and workover operations. This kind of formation damage is divided into following types. 1) Due to increase in relative permeability of fluid other than desired fluid. 2) Due to viscosity increase 3) Due to precipitations. 1) Due to increase in relative permeability of  fluid other than desired fluid: Imagine, you are left with 1 GB of internet with your plan and you are sharing it with your friend with help of wifi. You are surfing at your normal speed, but your new friend is watching movie online What will happen ? You will be not able to surf more time ?  Same thing happened in reservoir also. We want more oil flow for More time, but other fluids (water, gas) block path of oil flow and results into less o